Background: The preventive role of fluoride in caries control is mainly due to the formation of fluorapatite crystals which are more resistant to acid attack.Glass ionomer cement (GIC), its newer modifications, and certain composites in which fluoride has been incorporated show fluoride release.Aim: This research aims to compare the initial fluorid

Geodetic networks provide accurate three-dimensional control points for mapping activities, geoinformation, and infrastructure works.Accurate computation and adjustment are necessary, as all data collection is vulnerable to outliers.Applying a Least Squares (LS) process can lead to inaccuracy over many points in such conditions.Robust Estimator (RE

It was previously believed that the long-term persistent increase in the spin-down rate of the Crab pulsar following a glitch is direct evidence of a starquake-induced glitch or at least related to a starquake.Using radio data covering 1710 days following the 2017 glitch, we obtain an extreme persistent increase of the spin-down rate, which allows

Similar time series search is one of the most important time series mining tasks in our daily life.As recent advances in sensor technologies accumulate abundant multi-dimensional time series data associated with multivariate quantities, it becomes a privilege to adapt similar time series searches for large-scale and multi-dimensional time series da

The increase number of natural disasters that struck the world gives damaging impacts to the people and properties.This paper attempts to examine crucial pressing issues and challenges in mitigating flood losses and loss of lives in Malaysia.Only qualitative tenga flip orb approach is used to address these pressing issues and challenges of natural